Unit 14: Module 74
1.What do we call the tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition?
Peripheral route persuasionSocial psychologyAttribution theoryFundamental attribution errorCentral route persuasionAnswerd)Fundamental attribution error
2. Which of the following best describes a feeling, often influenced by a belief , that predisposes one to respond in a particular way to people and events?
Central route persuasionAngerEmotionFoot-in-door phenomenonAttitudeAnswere) Attitude
3. Which of the following best explains why we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent?
Cognitive dissonance theoryPower of the situationFoot-in-door phenomenonRole theoryFundamental attribution errorAnswera) Cognitive dissonance theory
Unit 14: Module 75
1. Which of the following is an example of conformity?
Malik has had a series of dogs over the years. Each has learned to curl up at his feet when he was watching television.Renee begins to buy the same brand of sweatshirt that most of the kids in her school are wearing.Jonah makes sure to arrive home before his curfew because he knows he will be grounded if he doesn’t.Yuri makes sure to arrive home her curfew because she does not want her parents to be disappointed in her.Terry cranks it up a notch during a volleyball practice because the team captain has been on her case for not showing enough effort.Answerb)Renee begins to buy the same brand of sweatshirt that most of the kids in her school are wearing.
2. Ground breaking research on obedience was conducted by…
Albert Bandura.Solomon Asch.Philip Zimbardo.Stanley Milgram.JohnBargh.Answerd)Stanley Milgram.
3. Classic studies of obedience indicate that about ___ of the participants were willing to administer what they believed to be 450-volt shocks to other humans.
One-tenthOne-halfOne-thirdOne-fourthTwo-thirdsAnswere) Two-thirds
4. Obedience to authority when the authority figure is asking someone to shock another person is highest when…
the person receiving orders has witnessed others defy the authority figure.the person receiving orders wonders whether the person giving orders has legitimate authority.the victim receiving the shocks is physically near the person receiving orders.the authority figure is from a prestigious institution.the person receiving orders is female.Answerd) the authority figure is from a prestigious institution.
Unit 14: Module 76
1. What do we call the improved performance on simple well-learned tasks in the presence of others?
Social facilitationGroup behaviorSocial loafingDeindividuationGroup polarizationAnswera) Social facilitation
2. Which of the following terms or phrases best describes the behavior of rowdy fans yelling obscenities at a football or soccer referee after a controversial penalty has been called?
CultureSocial facilitationGroupthinkDeindividuationGroup polarizationAnswerd)Deindividuation
3. Which of the following is most likely to occur when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives?
Group polarizationGroupthinkSocial loafingNormingPrejudiceAnswerb) Groupthink
4. What do we call the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next?
DeindividuationNormsSocial facilitationCultureSocial controlAnswerd) Culture
Unit 14: Module 77
1. Which of the following is the primary distinction between prejudice and discrimination?
Prejudiceis cognitive and discrimination is behavioral.Prejudice is based on anger and discrimination is based on fear.Prejudice is a legal term and discrimination is a psychological term.Discrimination typically develops in infancy and prejudice develops in adolescence.Discrimination primarily caused be nature and prejudice is primarily caused by nurture.Answera) Prejudice is cognitive and discrimination is behavioral.
2. Which of the following is true of prejudice in recent years?
Both overt and subtle prejudice have shown steady and equal increases.Subtle prejudice has been decreasing more than overt prejudice.Both overt and subtleprejudice have been increasing, but overt prejudice is increasing faster.Both overt and subtle prejudice have been increasing, butsubtleprejudice is increasing faster.Overtprejudice has been decreasing more thansubtleprejudice.Answere) Overt prejudice has been decreasing more than subtle prejudice.
3. Which of the following accurately describes the just-world phenomenon?
It’s the reduction in prejudice that has resulted from improvements in our laws and judicial system.It’s the reduction indiscriminationthat has resulted from improvements in our laws and judicial system.It’s the belief that most people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.It’s the tendency of people to deny that prejudice is still a problem.It’s our mind’s desire to categorize daily events as either “fair” or “unfair.”Answerc) It’s the belief that most people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
4. Which of the following is an example ofingroupbias?
Hinatatalked only to her five best friends when she was in ninth grade.Sabrina has been a New York Yankee fan since she was in fourth grade.Kimia believes she is the best student in her AP Psychology class, but her grades are not as good as several students.Francisco believes heis the best student inhisAP Psychologyclass, and if fact he has the highest test average.Derek believes his t-ball team is the best in the league.Answere)Derek believes his t-ball team is the best in the league.
5. A member of one racial group viciously beats someone from a different racial group. The incident is widely publicized in the local media. Which of the following best describes this incident?
Scapegoat theoryVivid caseJust-world phenomenonOther-race effectIngroupbiasAnswerb)Vivid case
Unit 14: Module 78
1. A friend fails to meet an achievement goal. As a result, he gets angry and behaves aggressively. Which of the following terms best identifies this chain of events?
AggressionFundamentalFrustration-aggression principleSocial scriptsBiopsychosocial hypothesisAnswerc)Frustration-aggression principle
2. What do we call culturally modeled guides for how to act in various situations?
Aggressive behaviorCultures of honorReinforcementmodelingSocial scriptsSocial-cultural influencesAnswerd)Social scripts
3. Which of the following is an example of a social-cultural influence on aggressive behavior?
Exposure to violent mediaFrustrationTestosteroneBelieving you’ve drunk alcoholGeneticsAnswera)Exposure to violent media
Unit 14: Module 79
1. Which of the following terms describes our geographic nearness to another person?
More exposure effectProximitySimilarityIngroupbiasSymmetryAnswerb)Proximity
2. Which of the following is an example of the mere exposure effect?
Adrianna has started arriving tardy to her second period class to avoid a group of kids who constantly tease her.Abe has bike the same route so many times that he no longer has to think about where to turn.Daiyuhas seen the same toothpaste ad on television a hundred times. Each time she sees it she hates it more.Abdul has always loved dogs, so he adopted one from the local shelter.Guirendidn’t like sushi the first couple of times he tried it, but his friend encouraged him to keep eating it and now it’s one of his favorite foods.Answere)Guirendidn’t like sushi the first couple of times he tried it, but his friend encouraged him to keep eating it and now it’s one of his favorite foods.
3. Which of the following is an aspect of physical attractiveness that appears to be true across all cultures?
Indication of reproductive healthHeightWeightSize of the earsShape of the chinAnswera) Indication of reproductive health
4. Over time, which of the following is typically true of the relationship between passionate love and compassionate love?
Passionate and companionate love both decrease.Passionate love increases and companionate love decreases.Passionate and companionate love both increase.Passionate love decreases and companionate love increases.There is no consistent relationship between the levels of passionate and companionate love.Answerd)Passionate love decreases and companionate love increases.
Unit 14: Module 80
1. Which of the following is the best term or phrase for theunselfish concern for the welfare of others?
Assuming responsibilityBystander interventionAltruismBystander effectDiffusion of responsibilityAnswerc)Altruism
2. Which of the following maintains that our social behavior is an exchange process that minimizes cost?
Social-responsibility normBystander apathyReciprocity normSocial exchange theoryBiopsychosocial hypothesisAnswerd)Social exchange theory
3. What do we call a situation in which the conflicting parties, be rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior?
Social trapConflictBystander interventionDiffusion of responsibilitySocial-responsibility normAnswera) Social trap
4. What do we call a belief that leads to its own fulfillment?
Superordinate goalMirror-image perceptionEnemy perceptionSocial trapSelf-fulfilling prophecyAnswere) Self-fulfilling prophecy
Unit 14: AP Exam Questions
1. The enhancement of a group’s prevailing tendencies occurs when people within a group discuss an idea that most of them either favor or oppose. What is this tendency called?
Group polarizationDeindividuationThe just-world phenomenonDicriminationCategorizationAnswera) Group polarization
2. Which of the following statements about the foot-in-door phenomenon isfalse?
People who agree to a small action are less likely to agree to a larger one later.The Chinese army took advantage of this phenomenon in the thought control program they used on prisoners during the Korean War.To get people to agree to something big, start small and build.Succumb to a temptation and you will find the next temptation and you will find the next temptation harder to resist.This phenomenon has been used to boost charitable contributions, blood donations, and product sales.Answera)People who agree to a small action are less likely to agree to a larger one later.
3. According to research on the bystander effect, which of the following people is most likely to stop to help astanger?
Jacob is on his way to a doctor’s appointment with his young son.Xavier lives in a crowded city.Malika is in a terrible mood, having just learned that she failed her midterm exam.Ciera just saw a young girl offering her arm to help an older woman cross the street.Mahmood is lost in thought as he walks to work, thinking about his upcoming presentation.Answerd) Ciera just saw a young girl offering her arm to help an older woman cross the street.
4. Believing that your school is better than all other schools in town is an example of what psychological concept?
IngroupbiasConformityScapegoat theoryDiscriminationGroupthinkAnswera)Ingroupbias
5. People frequently credit or blame wither internal dispositions or external situations for others’ behavior. What is this tendency called?
The foot-in-door phenomenonThe fundamental attribution errorAttributionSocial psychologySocial thinkingAnswerb)The fundamental attribution error
6. Researchers have found that people tend to become more hostile in situations when they are exposed to aversive stimuli, such as heat or personal insults. What is the term for this tendency?
The proximity effectGRITThe frustration-aggression principleSocial scriptingDeindividuationAnswerc) The frustration-aggression principle
7. Galileo’s notion that the earth revolved around the sun was in opposition to the widespread beliefs of his day. What social psychological principle is this an example of?
Social thinkingGroup polarizationConformityA stereotypeMinority influenceAnswere)Minorityinfluence
8. Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy is called…
the mere exposure effecthindsight biasaggressionThe just-world phenomenonThe other-race effectAnswerc) aggression
9. What tension occurs when we become aware that our attitudes and actionsdon’t coincide?
Role playingThe fundamental attribution errorSocial pressureSocial influenceCognitive dissonanceAnswere)Cognitive dissonance
10. Which of the followingleastdescribes prejudice?
An unjustifiable attitude toward a groupSchemas that influence how we notice and interpret eventsPreconceived ideas that bias our impressions of others’ behaviorA physical behavior intended to hurt of destroyAutomatic and unconscious thoughts and behaviorsAnswerd) A physical behavior intended to hurt of destroy
11. Which social psychology principle influences people to perform a task better in the presence of others?
ComplianceGroup polarizationSocial facilitationConformitySocial loafingAnswerc) Socialfacilitation
12. Becoming less self-conscious and less restrained when in a group situation is referred to as…
social loafing.deindividuation.social facilitation.obedience.cognitive dissonanceAnswerb)deindividuation.
13. If Juan believes Ngoc is annoyed with him, he may snub her, causing her to act in ways that justify his perception. What concept is this an example of?
Superordinate goalsTension-reductionA social trapA mirror-image perceptionSelf-fulfilling prophecyAnswere) Self-fulfilling prophecy
14. Which of the following is the most complete definition of conformity?
Sharing a mood with othersUnconsciously mimicking the behaviors and reactions of othersChanging thoughts about a situation in order to please an authority figureAdjusting our behavior or thinking toward some group standardBringing our attitudes in line with our actionsAnswerd)Adjusting our behavior or thinking toward some group standard
15. Sophia was not sure she would like the new driver of her school bus, but during the year she realized she was looking forward to greeting him in the morning and hearing one of his corny jokes. Which concept best explains her change in perception?
SimilarityIngroupbiasCompassionate attractionSocial trapMere exposure effectAnswere) Mere exposure effect
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