RaDIATEMeeting March20,2013MSU Attendees:Georg Bollen: Experimental System Division DirectorFrederiquePellemoine: FRIB Target Systems Group LeaderReg Ronningen: FRIB Radiation Transport Group Leader
Facility for RareIsotope Beams– FRIBStrategic Partnership“FRIB-Materialsunder ExtremeConditions”MatX
Georg BollenFRIB/MSU
Facility for Rare Isotope Beams
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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Rare isotope production with primary beams up to 400 kW, 200 MeV/u uranium
Rare isotope production with primary beams up to 400 kW, 200 MeV/uuranium
FRIB Rare Isotope Production
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
Challenges:High power density,radiation damage
Challenge: Detectors for high beam rates
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Target requirements400 kW beam power requirement100 kW power loss in a ~ 0.3 - 8 g/cm2 targetOptics requirements1 mm diameter beam spotDesired lifetime2 weeksTechnical RiskHigh power density: ~ 20 - 60 MW/cm3Radiation damageDesign for FRIB baselineRotating radiation-cooled multi-slicegraphitetarget5000 rpm, 30 cm diameterHeavy-ion induced radiation damage annealing and high-power density capability demonstratedHeavy-ion irradiation tests at GSIElectron-beam tests atSOREQ, Sandia, BINP
Material Challenge #1 - Production Target
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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F.Pellemoine, W. Mittig
Beam dump to absorb unreacted primary beamHigh power capability up to 325 kWHeavy ionshigh power density: ~ 10 MW/cm3For comparison 0.4 kW/cm3for1MW SNS target (protons!)Desired lifetime oneyearTechnical RiskHigh power density: ~ 10 MW/cm3Radiationdamage, sputteringDesign: water-filledrotating drum beamdump0.5 mmtitanium alloyshell400rpm, 70cmdiameter, 60gpmwaterflowMechanical andwaterflowtestsunderwayTitanium alloy heavy-ion irradiation tests planned
Material Challenge #2 – Primary Beam Dump
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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F.Pellemoine, R. Ronningen,Collaborationwith ORNL
Physics andAstronomyP. Duxbury,C.-Y. RuanElectrical and ComputerEngineeringT.GrotjohnChemical Engineeringand Material ScienceC. BoehlertNational SuperconductingCyclotronLaboratoryW. Mittig,A. StolzFacility for Rare IsotopeBeamsG. Bollen,F. Pellemoine,R. Ronningen
MatX- Strategic Partnership“FRIB-Materials under Extreme Conditions”
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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Focus on graphite, diamondandTi alloysas representative extreme materialsImportant for diverse applications (aerospace, nuclear, accelerators)Important for NSCL and criticalfor FRIBmission
SPG funded by MSU Foundation, 2012
Key Material 1: Graphite–improving lifetime in high radiation environments
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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Healing by high-temperature in-situ annealing during radiation
C.-Y. Ruan, F. Pellemoine, W. Mittig
Key Material 2: Titanium alloys–improvingresistance to high cycle fatigue and radiation dose
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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Motivation: Ti alloys (e.g. Ti – B)provide significant improvements relative to conventionalalloysSpecific stiffnessandstrengthupto50% higherReducedgrain size enables improvedprocessingandaffordabilityWide range of applications to high temperature and radiation environments (aerospace, nuclear, manufacturing)May be used in FRIB beam dump
Examples of planned studiesIn situ microscopy studies under high cycle fatigue conditions, pre and post irradiation with NSCL SHI beamComparison with similar studies using UL/UED to probe ultra-short time mechanisms
Scanning electron microscopy images of boron-modified Ti-6Al-4V alloys; (a) as-cast, (b) cast and extruded with 0.1wt.%B, (c) cast and extruded with1wt.%B, powder-metallurgy and extruded with1wt.%B. The Ti alloys with boron addition show significantly improved stiffness, strength, and fatigue resistance due to the creation of the Ti-B phase (dark).
C. Boehlert, F. Pellemoine
MotivationDiamond is very promising forparticledetectorsdue toits: radiationhardness, high carriermobility,high dielectric breakdownstrength and lowleakagecurrent. Cost is a problem.Lowcost diamond detectors with high performance would have a wide range of applications including: accelerators, spaceand military applications,medicaldiagnostics andtreatments, andto the NSCL/FRIB.Examples of planned studiesCompare performance of high cost and low cost diamond detectors using commercial materials and materials grown at MSUFraunhoferfacilityUse UL/UED to probe radiation damage mechanisms in diamond and explore possibility of healing by annealing, motivated by observations in graphite.
Key Material 3:Diamond– improving performance and detector lifetime in high radiation environments
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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MSU developed high cost diamond detector
T. Grotjohn, A. Stolz
MotivationFundamental radiation damage processesoccur at femtosecond to nanosecondtimescales. MSU UL/UED facility has the capability to image atomistic process at these timescalesUnderstanding of fundamentals will guide development of improved materials and devicesExample of planned studiesUse UL/UED to probe radiation damage mechanisms in Graphite, Ti-alloys and Diamond
Novel Method for Exploring Fundamental Mechanisms:Developing UL-UED to probe microscopic, picosecond response of Graphite, Ti-alloys and Diamond to radiation
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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Ultrafast transitions probed usingMSU UL-UED: (Top) Transient formation of diamond structure from graphite. (Bottom) transient structure change in a metal nanoparticle.
C.-Y. Ruan, P. Duxbury
MotivationEnergy deposited by either swift heavy ions or ultrafast laser pulses mostly leads to high energy electronsUnderstanding the way in which highly excited electrons couple to nuclear motion can provide a unifying description of radiation effects (both UL and SHI) at ultrafast time scalesPlanned studiesCombine nuclear transport codes and atomistic materials simulations codes (e.g. Molecular Dynamics) to describe excited electron distributions and subsequent materials responseSimulate radiation damage in Graphite,Ti-alloys and Diamond and compare with experiment
Theory and modeling:Software and methods to explore fundamental atomistic processes by combining nuclear transport codes with atomistic materials simulation methods
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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Examples of typical nuclear transport codes that give the displacement per atom (DPA) which is related to the energy deposited, but are not sensitive to atomistic details such as electronic structure and crystal structure
P. Duxbury, R. Ronningen
FRIBmaterials challenges will continue throughout the life of the facility400 kW beam power of heavy ions is unexplored territoryNew extreme materials will benefit facility performance and scienceFRIB can provide environment to test and develop new materialsMatX- Strategic Partnership on “FRIB – material under extreme conditions”Leverage unique MSU expertise and capabilities to address extreme materials problems of critical local and national importanceDevelopsynergies between MSU complex materials andtheNSCL/FRIB materials focusareasBuild collaborations in the area of Extreme Materials Science
Summary
G. Bollen, RaDIATE Meeting March 20, 2013
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