After completing this lesson, you have learned to answer:Why chili pepper cultivation is important?Can chili pepper crop yield comparable to other fruits vegetable?Why chili pepper yields are low where this crop is important?Why area under chili pepper is declining?Is there a scope for chili pepper farmers to increase their income and how?
Sources: 2005 New Mexico Agricultural Statistics
Chili pepperisthefruitof the plants from the genusCapsicum, members of thefamily,Solanaceae.Botanicallyspeaking, the fruit of capsicums are berries, the peppers are considered vegetables (e.g. bell peppers) or spices (e.g. cayenne pepper) for culinarypurposes.Chilipeppers originated in the Americas. After the Columbian Exchange, many cultivars of chili pepper spread across the world, used in both food and medicine.Chili pepperis one of the first cultivated crops in the Americas that is self-pollinating.
Chili is sold fresh, dried and powdered.IntheUnitedStates, dried ground chili peppers, cumin, garlic and oregano is often known as chilipowder.Chili peppers are used around the world to make a countless variety of sauces, known ashot sauce,chilesauce, orpeppersauce.Indian cooking useschilisin everything from snacks suchasbhaji,where thechilisare dipped in batter and fried, to complex curries.Chilies are also common in the cuisines of Bangladesh and Pakistan.BoguraChili, grown in theJessoredistrict, are very hot. Green chilies are used in vegetable and fish dishes, as well as raw compliments to a salad or meal.
Medicinal uses: Capsaicinis a safe and effective analgesic agent in the management of arthritis pain, herpes zoster-related pain, diabetic neuropathy,postmastectomypain, andheadaches.Crop defense:Farmers in Africa and on sub continent have found the use ofchilisas a cropdefenseagainst elephants. The chili are spread on fences and other structures to keep the elephantsaway.Food defense:As birds have a lessened sensitivity to the effects of chili it can be used to keep mammalian vermin from bird seed
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