IntroductiontoSonnets
(Shakespearean)
Lyric Poetry
Short poem with asinglespeakerExpresses personal thoughts and feelingsDoes NOT tell the entire storyCharacteristics:Sense of rhythm and melodyImaginativelanguageExploration of a singlethoughtor feelingEx. Ode,Haiku,Cinquain, Sonnet
Sonnets
A sonnet is afourteen-linepoem consistingofiambic pentameterlines.Thetwo major sonnet formsare:Italian(Petrarchan)English (Shakespearean).
English/Shakespearean Sonnet
The English sonnet is a fourteen-linepoemconsistingof:threequatrainsandacoupletThe poem’s thoughts are broken into separatemotifs(distinctivefeature or dominantideas) for eachquatrain.Thecoupletat the end sums up the poem’stheme/message.
(three sets of fourlines andone set of two lines).
The rhyme scheme is:
ababcdcdefefggEx:
When forty winters shall besiege thybrow,AAnd dig deep trenches in thy beauty'sfield,BThy youth's proud livery so gazed onnow,AWill be a tattered weed of small worthheld:BThen being asked, where all thy beautylies,CWhere all the treasure of thy lustydays;DTo say within thine own deep sunkeneyes,CWere an all-eating shame, and thriftlesspraise.DHow much more praise deserved thy beauty'suse,EIf thoucouldstanswer 'This fair child ofmineFShall sum my count, and make my oldexcuse‘EProving his beauty by successionthine.FThis were to be new made when thou artold,GAnd see thy blood warm when thoufeel'stitcold.G
Sonnet 130
My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun;Coral is far more red than her lips’ red;If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.I have seen roses damasked, red and white,But no such roses see I in her cheeks;And in some perfumes is there more delightThan in the breath that from my mistress reeks.I love to hear her speak, yet well I knowThat music hath a far more pleasing sound;I grant I never saw a goddess go;My mistress when she walks treads on the ground.And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rareAs any she belied with false compare.
To Do:Mark off the Stanzas (three quatrains, one couplet)Mark the iambic pentameter of one of the stanzasCircle the words that show the rhyme schemeFind three examples of imageryFind a metaphorNote the “motif” of each quatrainWhere is the main message/theme of the sonnet? How do you know?Whatis the emotion of this sonnet?
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date.Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature’s changingcourse, untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thouow’st,Nor shall death brag thouwand’restin his shade,When in eternal lines to Time thougrow’st.So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
What is the rhyme scheme of this poem?Summarize the theme of the poem.How many syllables are in each line?Why might the last two lines be indented?Draw lines between the lines to show where you would create stanzas if you were the poet.Copy down an excellent example of alliteration.What metaphor is in this poem? What two things are being compared?Where is an example of personification?What is “this” in the last line? How long will it last?
Sonnet 18
Sonnet 116
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