exclamatory

Exclamatory Sentences
Ed McCorduckEnglish 402--GrammarSUNY Cortlandhttp://mccorduck.cortland.edu
Exclamatory sentenceshavewh-words (usually onlywhatandhow) as modifiers of elements in deepstructure.thewh-words and the elementstheymodify are fronted in the surfacestructure (and in Reed-Kellogg diagrams of exclamatory sentences thewandhof surface-initialWhatandHoware capitalized)
slide 2: characteristics ofexclamatorysentences
English 402: Grammar
slide3: example of an exclamatory sentence and its Reed-Kellogg diagram
English 402: Grammar
exHowghastlyhe looks!
slide3: another example of an exclamatory sentence and its Reed-Kellogg diagram
English 402: Grammar
exHowyou’ve ruined my life!
In Reed-Kellogg diagrams, if thewhatorhowof an exclamatory sentence itself modifies a modifier (i.e., an element normally drawn below the main horizontal line such as a determiner, preposition or adverb), thehoworwhatis connected to the modifier through a special structure:
slide4: special rule for Reed-Kellogg diagrams whenhoworwhatmodifies a modifier
English 402: Grammar
slide6: example of an exclamatory sentence with a modifyingwhatand its Reed-Kellogg diagram
English 402: Grammar
exWhata lamebrainshe is!
slide7: example of an exclamatory sentence with a modifyinghowand its Reed-Kellogg diagram
English 402: Grammar
exHowswiftlythe baying hounds run!
slide8: another example and diagram of an exclamatory sentence with a modifyingwhat
English 402: Grammar
exWhata crockyou’re handing me!